The activity of a network of dopamine neurons reflects both the innate preferences for smell and taste, as well as the physiological state of fruit flies. Animals have an innate preference for certain scents and tastes. Attractive scents are linked to things like good food. Less attractive scents — that of spoiled food, for example — instinctively give the animal a signal which says: “There could be danger here!” When it comes to taste, all animals have similar preferences: Sugars and fats are perceived positively, whereas a bitter taste is perceived rather negatively. family environment and the types of leaders they’re drawn to as grown-ups. In order to be able to make such evaluations, we need signals in the brain that tell us “This is good” or “This is bad.” The dopaminergic system in the brain, better known as the reward system, plays an important role in these evaluations.

Understanding what happens in the brain:

Neurons that produce dopamine, known as dopaminergic neurons, play a role in a range of diseases, from addictive behavior and obesity to Parkinson’s disease. In addiction or obesity, the reward system signals can be too strong or also too weak. In Parkinson’s disease, dopaminergic neurons degenerate, and this affects the control of motor functions.

To learn more about the processes in the brain, basic research is essential. Ilona Grunwald Kadow, Professor of Neural Control of Metabolism at the TUM School of Life Sciences in Weihenstephan, and her team are conducting research on the fly Drosophila melanogaster.

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Peter K
Editorial Assistant
Journal of Neuroscience and Clinical Research