Chapare hemorrhagic fever (CHHF) is a viral hemorrhagic fever caused by infection with Chapare virus. The Chapare virus is in the arenavirus family. Arenaviruses are usually spread to people through direct contact with infected rodents or indirectly through the urine or feces (droppings) of an infected rodent.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

The documented signs and symptoms of CHHF  include the following:

• fever
• headache
• joint and muscle pain
• pain behind the eyes
• stomach pain
• vomiting
• diarrhea
• bleeding gums
• rash
• irritability

DIAGNOSIS

Chapare virus facilitated the development of specific molecular detection assays, including real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). Like other related arenaviruses, Chapare virus may be detectable in body fluids (serum, blood, semen, urine, respiratory secretions) of survivors following resolution of symptoms. 

TREATMENT

There is currently no treatment for CHHF. Supportive therapy is important for recovery from and survival of CHHF. This includes:

• maintenance of hydration
• management of shock (eg, fluid resuscitation, administration of vasopressin stocks)
• sedation
• pain relief
• transfusions